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What "Stick Season" Means for Our Water Quality


Fall in New England is nothing short of magical, and Vermont is known for its stunning foliage. As October is coming to an end and "Stick Season" is coming on, the beautiful golds, reds, and oranges are beginning to fall. Not only is this the sign of the end of apple cider donuts and carving pumpkins for the season, but it is also a sign to check your yard and water quality!


Although fallen leaves are a great source of winter nutrients for many insects, as leaves fall and begin to decompose, they release large amounts of phosphorus and nitrogen into the water. Leaves in yards will accumulate in storm drains and small creeks, allowing the excess nutrients to flow into Lake Champlain. This excess phosphorus and nitrogen can cause harmful algal blooms, as many of us have seen in the lake this summer. The bacteria from the algal blooms can be dangerous for you and your pets!



This weekend, consider getting outside and raking up your fallen leaves that are near rivers, creeks, or storm drains to prevent them from entering the waterways! These leaves can be used in your own home for a variety of purposes like composting or fertilizer for home gardens. Here are some tips for composting your leaves in a sustainable manner! You can read more about the benefit of composting your leaves here Composting Leaves: How to Achieve Leaf Decay- Epic Gardening.

  • Remove leaves from your river or stream banks and storm drains and allow the leaves to fully dry.

  • Fill a garbage can or bucket about three-quarters full with dried leaves, then crush them as finely as possible.

  • Mix in "green waste" like grass clippings or kitchen waste. You will need 1-part green waste for every 4-5 parts of leaf waste.

  • Turn your pile 1-2 times per week, adding more green waste each time.

  • To keep the pile moist, cover it with a plastic sheet.

  • Store extra leaf litter to the side and add them to the pile as it begins to compost.


Remember to never bring leaves to a landfill! If composting isn't for you, there are other options! Two composting facilities and links to their websites are listed below.


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